Honour, acculturation and well-being: Evidence from the UK and Canada.

Adopting a social psychological approach, across three studies (N = 927) in two western immigrant-receiving societies (UK and Canada), we examined the role of honour in acculturation variables (i.e., immigrants' heritage and mainstream cultural orientation and well-being), controlling for some of the commonly studied predictors of immigrant adaptation. We assessed honour as concern (Studies 1 and 2) and as a desired attribute for men and women (Study 3) and studied well-being in terms of acculturative stress (Study 1) and subjective evaluation of one's life (Studies 1 and 3). We examined our questions among groups of immigrants originating from honour (Studies 1 and 2) and dignity cultural groups (Study 1) and from first- and second-generation immigrants (Study 3). Overall, despite some significant associations at the bivariate level between honour and acculturation outcomes, findings provided mixed support for the claim that honour (measured as concerns and cultural codes) plays a significant role in immigrant acculturation above and beyond commonly studied predictors of immigrant adaptation.

Antibiotic prescribing and antimicrobial stewardship in long-term care facilities: Past interventions and implementation challenges.

Background: The threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is rising, leading to increased illness, death and healthcare costs. In long-term care facilities (LTCFs), high rates of infection coupled with high antibiotic use create a selective pressure for antimicrobial-resistant organisms that pose a risk to residents and staff as well as surrounding hospitals and communities. Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) is paramount in the fight against AMR, but its adoption in LTCFs has been limited. Methods: This article summarizes factors influencing antibiotic prescribing decisions in LTCFs and the effectiveness of past AMS interventions that have been put in place in an attempt to support those decisions. The emphasis of this literature review is the Canadian LTCF landscape; however, due to the limited literature in this area, the scope was broadened to include international studies. Results: Prescribing decisions are influenced by the context of the individual patient, their caregivers, the clinical environment, the healthcare system and surrounding culture. Antimicrobial stewardship interventions were found to be successful in LTCFs, though there was considerable heterogeneity in the literature. Conclusion: This article highlights the need for more well-designed studies that explore innovative and multifaceted solutions to AMS in LTCFs.

Zahra or Zoe, Arjun or Andrew? Bicultural baby names reflect identity and pragmatic concerns.

OBJECTIVES: Ethnic first names are a visible product of diversity in the West, yet little is known about the psychological factors that influence naming preferences and choices among bicultural individuals. METHOD: Participants in Studies 1a (South Asian Canadians; N = 326) and 1b (Iranian Canadians; N = 126) were prospective parents who completed an online survey with measures of naming (consequences of ethnic naming, naming preferences) and psychological factors related to naming: heritage and mainstream acculturation, ethno-cultural continuity. Study 2 participants (N = 211) were parents of an Indian background living in three English speaking countries (Canada, United States, UK). They completed an online survey with measures of naming (consequences of ethnic naming, names as markers of cultural identity, actual naming choices) and psychological factors: heritage and mainstream cultural identifications, ethno-cultural continuity. RESULTS: Across all 3 studies we observed a strong preference for ethnic over mainstream names. In Studies 1a and 1b heritage acculturation and motivation for ethno-cultural continuity predicted stronger preference for ethnic names. In contrast, a preference for mainstream names was predicted by mainstream acculturation and expectations of negative consequences of ethnic names. In Study 2 choice of an ethnic name was positively related to beliefs about names as markers of ethnic identity, and negatively related to expectations of negative consequences of ethnic names. CONCLUSIONS: Baby naming among ethnic minorities is a complex cultural decision, reflecting both identity and pragmatic concerns. Implications for studies of acculturation and identity, and future research directions are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).